Improvement in systems of ventilation



J. BURT. System of Ventilation.

No. 209,455. Patented Oct. 29, 1878.

N.PETF.RS. PHOTOYLITHOGRAPHER WASKINGTON, o. O.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

'JOHN BURT, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

IMPROVEMENT IN SYSTEMS OF VENTILATION.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 209,455, dated October:29, 1878; application filed April 19, 1878.

To all whom it may concern: I

Be it known that I, JOHN BURT, of Detroit, in the county of Wayne andState of Michigan, have invented an Improved System of Ventilation, ofwhich the following is a specification:

The nature of my invention relates to a new and improved system ofventilation, by means of which pure air may be delivered at anynecessary point, and the air made foul by breathing or other combustionremoved and purified.

The invention consists in the system hereinafter more fully described,and in the construction and arrangement of the necessary appliances foraccomplishing the desired result of delivering the fresh and pure air asdirect as possible to the point desired, and of disposing of the foulair immediately after the same has been exhaled from the lungs ordeprived of its oxygen by combustion.

One method of accomplishing thisresult is as follows:

. I construct a desk, table, orstand of the usual height for writing orwork, and preferably as near the central part of the apartment to besupplied with fresh air as possible. Under the top of this desk, stand,or table I construct an air-box, which is connected by a pipe extendingdown to or through the floor, where it communicates with the mainfreshair flue, which, in turn, communicates with the outer air. In thetop of this air-box, which top is the top of the desk or table or stand,or in its sides, are registers under the control of and within easyreach of the occupant, and by means of which the fresh air is delivereddirectly to the person occupying the table. There is placed in thisair-box a suitable pan, which should be supplied with lime, lime-water,or

any other absorbent or neutralizer of foul air,

by means of which any impurity in the airsupply which may exist thereinwillbe absorbed or neutralized before it is inhaled.

impure air in the apartment is immediately removed. For general purposesthis receptacle may be located at any convenient or desired point.

The desk or table or stand, for special and local purposes, is providedwith a conductor to carry the air fouled by breathing or otherwisedirectly to and over the receptacle, and a paling or shield surroundingthe table and on the floor, and as high as may be necessary, preventssuch foul air from spreading, and secures its more immediate dischargethrough the receptacle in the floor for conveying such air away to theouter atmosphere, or to a point where it maybe mingled with othersubstances, as above described.

Having thus secured a supply of pure air and the withdrawal of theimpure air charged carbonic acid and other noxious vapors, which so addto the specific gravity of the air as to compel it to fall to the floor,the next step in my improved system is to provide for removing from theupper part of the apartment such impure air and noxious vapors andoverheated air as may accumulate'there. For this purpose I introduce asuitable ventilator, made of any non-conducting material, into theceiling or into the side walls of the apartment,

a pipe or pipes connecting with a pipe at the bottom or center of thechandelier, where one is used, or in other kinds of burners in the mostconvenient way that their peculiar construction may require. Directlyunder this latter-named pipe there should be a receptacle, which shouldbe connected, when the burners are in use, and preferably by a flexibletube, with a receptacle for foul air at the floor, and hereinbeforedescribed, and thus secure the discharge of foul air made by combustionat the burners directly, and without its being brought into contact withthe occupants of the'desk or apartment.

)ne method of using this system of ventilatlon is as follows: A personseated at the desk, table, or stand A will breathe or inhale the airadmitted through the registers a, whlch are provided with valves 1) ofthe usual construction, by means of which the registers may be opened orclosed at will. The air, when exhaled from the lungs, becomes fouled bynoxious gases, and will fall downward, and be conveyed by the conductor0 and shield O to the receptacle B in the floor, and thence be conveyedaway by the moving fluid passmg through the pipe B", with which thereceptacle connects or become incorporated with 1t, to be subsequentlyremoved by afresh supply of lnne or lime-water or other substances thatwill neutralize the carbonic-acid gas or otherwise destroy its injuriouseffects. When the burners, gas or others, E, are used, the foul airthereby created falls into the cups F, and are, 1n the manner'alreadydescribed, conveyed, by a flexible or other pipe, G, to the receptacleB. The ascending air or oxygengas will be carried away by and throughthe tin or non-conducting" hot-air ventilator H to the outside air, andthus, by judicious care, an almost if not an entirely pure air may besecured at all times. Of course, for general and miscellaneous purposes,the receptacles 1n the floor and ventilators in the ceiling, combinedwith the means described of supplying fresh air, will be depended uponto secure pure air.

In the drawings which accompany and form a part of this specification isshown a perspective View of a room partially in sect1on, and withportions of the floor broken away to show the connecting-pipes beneath.

Arepresents a desk, the top of which is broken, and to show the pan A inthe space below the top of the desk, which connects with the fresh-airpipe A which, in turn, connects with the pipe A which brings theair-supply from the outside. The registers (I, provided with valves I),admit the air from the desk to the apartment.

B is the receptacle in the floor, herei'nbefore described, to receivethe foul air, and this receptacle connects with the pipe 13*.

G is a conductor or inclined-plane conveyer, to catch the foul air as itis exhaled by the occupant of the desk and convey it to the receptacle.This conductor may be made inany desired shape. In the drawings it isshown as a drawer to the desk.

E represents burners provided with caps F, which connect with pipe G, towhich, when the burners are in use, a removable pipe (not shown) will beattached to conduct the foul air from the cups to the receptacle in thefloor.

G is the paling or shield, hereinbefore described, and H is theventilator in the ceiling, which is constructed as above mentioned.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A desk, table, or stand provided with registers communicating withfresh-air ducts, in combination with a foul-air exit below such desk orstand, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. A desk, stand, or table, provided with a register communicating witha box or pan inclosed within the desk, said box or pan communicatingwith fresh-air ducts, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3. A desk, stand, or table constructed substantially as described, incombination with the receptacle B, and surrounded by a shield,substantially as and for the purposes specified.

4. The receptacle 1%- for delivering foul air and noxious vapors to thepipe B wherein water, lime-water, or any other substance that willneutralize such foul air may be utilized, substantially as and for thepurposes described.

5. The cups F below the burners E, to catch the carbonic-acid gasgenerated thereby, in combination with a foul-air exit at a lowerelevation than said burners, substantially as and for the purpose setforth.

JOHN B URT.

Witnesses I H. S. SPRAGUE, CHAS. J. HUNT.

